Hypothesis / aims of study
The primary aim was to evaluate the presence of voiding dysfunctions and urinary habits among app delivery workers. Subsequently, the study aimed to assess the adherence and effectiveness of an educational booklet designed to improve these occupational health habits.
Study design, materials and methods
This research consisted of a two-phase cross-sectional study involving delivery workers from a company in Brazil . All patients who signed the informed consent form were included. The first phase assessed 256 participants through a conversation circle and an online questionnaire covering demographics, work routines, and urinary symptoms, which then guided the creation of an online educational booklet. The second phase followed up with 175 workers who received the completed booklet via QR code and answered a new questionnaire to evaluate reading adherence, content clarity, and subsequent behavioral changes.
Results
In the first phase (256 workers, 85% male), the profile was predominantly young adults, sedentary (52.3%), and frequently overweight. Urinary incontinence was low (4.2%), mostly affecting women. However, other symptoms were prevalent: 20% reported a sensation of incomplete bladder emptying, and 43% experienced nocturia. A large majority (85%) expressed interest in receiving educational health materials.
In the second phase (175 workers), the intervention showed high success: 88.1% of participants read the entire booklet, and 97.2% found the information clear. As a direct impact, 92% reflected on their daily work routines, and 82.8% successfully identified specific unhealthy habits they needed to change. The main habits workers intended to modify were holding urine for prolonged periods (38%), insufficient fluid intake (33.3%), and a lack of physical movement during shifts (16%).
Interpretation of results
Although severe voiding dysfunctions like urinary incontinence are uncommon in this specific population—which is justified by the predominantly young and male demographic—strenuous occupational conditions promote poor habits and storage/emptying symptoms like nocturia. The remarkably high adherence to the educational booklet highlights the workers' receptivity to health information. The material successfully promoted critical self-awareness, enabling delivery workers to recognize occupational risks and commit to changing harmful behaviors.